Commercial Real Estate
Tax Strategies for the Sale of Investment Real Estate
TAX REFORM? HARDLY. Alternative minimum tax (28%), California State income tax (9.3%), depreciation recapture (25%-28%), loss of deductions and exemptions, can add up to an effective tax of 35-40% on sale of appreciated property.
An Installment Sale spreads realization of capital gains over the installment period. However:
- Tax benefit may be confined only to AMT calculation.
- Investor retains real estate risk until installment payments are completed.
- Defers capital gains tax only until next installment payment.
A 1031 Exchange defers capital gains by exchanging your property for another investment property.
- Replacement property must be of equal or greater value.
- Must reinvest all equity and retain equal or greater debt ratio on replacement property.
- Strict time limits. Must identify replacement property within 45 days, must close within 180 days.
- Defers capital gains only until ultimate sale. Heirs may pay estate taxes.
1031 Exchange Tenant-in-Common. An accredited investor can exchange into a deeded, fractional interest of a larger institutional-quality property.
- Relief from active management.
- Non-recourse financing.
- Often higher-yielding replacement.
- Diversify geographically.
- Consolidate many properties into single parcel.
A Tax-Exempt Trust allows the seller to cash out and avoid both capital gains tax and real estate investment risk.
- Avoid all taxes on sale of property.
- Sales proceeds invested, compound tax-free, similar to an IRA.
- Diversify real estate investment into a diversified securities portfolio.
- No real estate investment risk.
- Income stream and tax deduction can be highly customized.
- Remove all asset appreciation from your estate.
Early planning is critical. IRS has strict rules and time limits. Know your options before you list your property.
Summary
Installment Sale
- Seller-financing technique.
- Taxes deferred, not avoided.
1031 Exchange (Sole ownership)
- Desire real estate investment.
- Retain active property management.
- Can be difficult finding replacement property within IRS time limits.
- Absolutely no time extensions permitted by the IRS.
- Taxes deferred, not avoided.
1031 Exchange Tenant-in-Common (Co-ownership)
- Relief from active management.
- Diversification, high quality.
- Often higher-yielding replacement.
- Easier to meet IRS time limits.
Tax-Exempt Trust
- Desire to cash out of real estate.
- Avoid all taxes on sale of property.
- Diversification of investment.
This is not legal advice. Any prospective candidate should seek the advice of a qualified estate and/or tax professional to determine the individual consequences of a tax strategy.